Achillea Fragrantissima Essential Oil

• Achillea fragrantissima, also known as desert yarrow or fragrant yarrow, is an aromatic herb native to the Middle East. In Palestine, it is commonly known as "Qaysoom".

• A. fragrantissima has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties as an herbal tea or decoction. The aerial parts of the plant, including the leaves and flowers, are most commonly used. They are dried and boiled in water to make a medicinal tea. This tea has been used as a remedy for various digestive issues, including stomach aches, intestinal gas, and diarrhea. The tea is believed to have antispasmodic and anti-diarrheal effects.

• In addition, the tea has been used for respiratory issues like coughs, colds, and bronchitis due to its expected antimicrobial and expectorant properties.

• Externally, the leaves have been applied topically to treat skin irritations and infections. The plant is thought to have anti-inflammatory effects.

• Palestinian herbalists and traditional healers have passed down the traditional knowledge of using A. fragrantissima medicinally for generations. However, more scientific research is still needed to verify many of its purported medicinal uses.

• The Achillea fragrantissima has a long history of use in Palestinian folk medicine, especially as an herbal tea to aid digestion and respiratory ailments. 

The chemical composition of Achillea fragrantissima essential oil:

• The chemical composition or chemical profile of the essential oil from Achillea fragrantissima can vary depending on the plant's geographical origin and growth conditions, but some common compounds have been identified:

• Monoterpenes: This diverse class of compounds, built from two isoprene units, makes up a significant portion of A. fragrantissima oil. Key monoterpenes include camphor, borneol, and limonene.

• Sesquiterpenes: These C15 terpenes are also prevalent. The main sesquiterpenes found are caryophyllene oxide, bisabolene epoxide, and sesquisabinene hydrate.

• Ketones: Artemisia ketone and other ketones like piperitone are often major components of the oil .

• Thujones: The oils contain varying amounts of α-thujone and β-thujone. Thujones are monoterpene ketones that can have neurotoxic effects at high doses.

• Other compounds: Other typical constituents are monoterpene alcohols like linalool and borneol, as well as sesquiterpene alcohols like bisabolols and farnesol. The exact composition is influenced by harvesting time, plant part extracted, and extraction method .

This essential oil could help with the following health conditions:-

Some of the purported health benefits of Achillea fragrantissima essential oil, based on its traditional uses and limited scientific research:

• Analgesic (pain-relieving) effects: Some studies on mice found that both oral and topical administration of A. fragrantissima essential oil exhibited analgesic activity. This supports its traditional use for pain relief.

• Anti-inflammatory effects: A. fragrantissima oil demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in laboratory studies. This helps validate its use in folk medicine for inflammatory conditions. However, human studies are lacking.

• Antimicrobial effects: The oil has showed antibacterial activity against different Gram-Negative Bacteria Besides Gram-positive bacteria.

• Fungal StrainsThe essential oil from Achillea fragrantissima has shown a potent effect against fungal strains. In particular, it is effective against Candida albicans, a common cause of yeast infections in humans.

• The active Compounds in the Essential Oil of Achillea fragrantissima essential oil contains multiple compounds with antimicrobial properties. One of these compounds is Terpinen-4-ol, which was identified as particularly potent against various microorganisms. The more polar the compounds in the oil are, the broader the range of microorganisms they inhibit

• Antioxidant effects: The essential oil exhibited antioxidant capabilities in lab tests, which may help explain some of its therapeutic actions. However, clinical evidence is still needed.

• Anticancer potential: Early lab research found A. fragrantissima oil had cytotoxic effects against certain cancer cell lines like breast cancer. This proposes possible anticancer abilities, but human trials have not occurred yet.

• Digestive aid: Traditionally used to treat digestive complaints like stomach aches, cramps, and diarrhea. Its antispasmodic and anti-diarrheal properties may help explain these uses, though more research is warranted.

Overall, Achillea fragrantissima essential oil shows promise based on preliminary scientific evidence and traditional uses, but human clinical studies are still lacking to conclusively confirm many of its purported health benefits and understand optimal doses and safety. 

Achillea fragrantissima essential oil, with its sweet and warm aroma, blends well with a variety of other essential oils. Here are a few suggestions:Woody and Earthy Oils: Cedarwood, sandalwood, vetiver, and patchouli blend well with Achillea fragrantissima, enhancing its warm and earthy notes. Herbal Oils: Rosemary, thyme, and clary sage complement the herbal undertones of Achillea fragrantissima.Citrus Oils: Lemon, orange, grapefruit, or bergamot can add a fresh, uplifting note to the blend.Floral Oils: Lavender, geranium, or chamomile can add a soft, floral note to balance the strong, sweet scent of Achillea fragrantissima.Spicy Oils: For a warm and invigorating blend, consider blending it with oils like ginger or black pepper.Always remember to dilute essential oils in a carrier oil (like jojoba oil, almond oil, or coconut oil) before applying to the skin, as essential oils are highly concentrated and can cause irritation if used undiluted. The general guideline is to use 1-2 drops of essential oil per teaspoon of carrier oil for a 1-2% dilution.In aromatherapy, you can add a few drops of each oil to a diffuser or into boiling water to inhale the steam. For topical use, you can add the diluted blend to lotions or massage oils, or apply it directly to the skin using a roller bottle. Always do a patch test first to ensure you don't have an adverse reaction to the blend.

Topical Use:

• Dilute 2-3 drops in 1 teaspoon carrier oil like coconut or jojoba oil and apply to affected areas for pain, inflammation, or skin infections. Do a patch test first.

• Add a few drops to unscented lotions or creams and apply to skin to promote healing.

• For massage, mix 5-6 drops with 1 ounce carrier oil. Use gentle pressure and avoid sensitive areas.

Inhalation:

• Inhale directly from the bottle for a few minutes.

• Add 2-3 drops to a cloth or tissue and inhale occasionally.

• Use in a diffuser for aromatic benefits. Start with short diffusion periods.

• Add a drop to shower steam.

Oral:

• Not recommended for internal consumption due to lack of safety data.

Storage:

• Store in dark amber or blue glass bottles, tightly sealed. Keep away from sunlight and heat.

It's crucial to dilute in a carrier oil before topical use and follow dosage guidelines. Consult an aromatherapy practitioner for guidance on safe usage. Further research is warranted on appropriate applications.

• Dilution: Dilute in a carrier oil before topical use, as undiluted use can irritate skin. Recommended maximum concentration is 1-2% for adults.

• Skin sensitivity: May cause allergic reactions or skin irritation in some people. Do a patch test before wider use. Avoid if pregnant or breastfeeding.

• Oral ingestion: Not recommended for internal consumption due to toxicity concerns and lack of safety data.

• Children: Do not use with or apply to children unless under medical supervision.

• Eyes: Avoid contact with eyes as it may irritate. Rinse immediately if exposure occurs.

• Medical conditions: Use caution if you have allergies, asthma, epilepsy, or hormone-sensitive conditions. Check with your doctor first.

• Drug interactions: May interact with certain medications like blood thinners, sedatives, etc. Consult your physician before using.

• Storage: Store in dark glass bottles, away from light and heat to maintain stability.

• Dosage: Adhere to recommended dilution and dosage guidelines. Start with minimal usage to check for sensitivities.

As with any essential oil, using A. fragrantissima oil with proper care and precautions is important. Consult an aromatherapy practitioner if you have questions or concerns. Further research is still needed on its safety profile.

• Scientific research on Achillea fragrantissima essential oil is limited but some studies have been conducted on its potential therapeutic properties. Here are a few findings:

• Antimicrobial Activity: A study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology found that Achillea fragrantissima essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria and fungi, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans (Al-Qura'n, 2009).

• Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Properties: Traditional uses of the plant suggest anti-inflammatory and analgesic (pain-relieving) properties. While further research is needed, these traditional uses suggest that the essential oil may also possess these properties.

• Antioxidant Properties: A study in the journal Industrial Crops and Products suggested that Achillea fragrantissima essential oil has antioxidant properties, which means it may help protect the body's cells from damage by free radicals (Loizzo et al., 2007).

• Please note that while these studies are promising, more research is needed, particularly in vivo and clinical studies, to confirm these effects and to understand how they might be used in medicinal applications.

  References:

• Al-Qura'n, S. (2009). Ethnopharmacological survey of wild medicinal plants in Showbak, Jordan. Journal of Ethnopharmacology.
• Abu-Darwish, M.S., Cabral, C., Ferreira, I.V., Gonçalves, M.J., Cavaleiro, C., Cruz, M.T., Al-bdour, T.H., Salgueiro, L. (2013). Essential oil of common sage (Salvia officinalis) from Jordan: Assessment of safety in mammalian cells and its antifungal and anti-inflammatory potential. Bioresource Technology.
• Loizzo, M.R., Tundis, R., Menichini, F., Saab, A.M., Statti, G.A., Menichini, F. (2007). Antiproliferative effects of essential oils and their major constituents in human renal adenocarcinoma and amelanotic melanoma cells. Cell Proliferation.

• Potential Anti-Cancer Properties: Preliminary research suggests that Achillea fragrantissima may have anticancer potential. A study in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology found that an extract of the plant inhibited the growth of certain cancer cells in vitro (Abu-Darwish et al., 2013).

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